NGHIÊN CỨU TỔNG QUAN KHUNG CẤU TRÚC NĂNG LỰC TƯ DUY THIẾT KẾ CỦA HỌC SINH TRONG GIÁO DỤC STE(A)M
Nội dung chính của bài viết
Tóm tắt
Đánh giá năng lực hiện đang trở thành xu hướng chủ đạo trong nền giáo dục toàn cầu, làm nổi bật sự cần thiết của việc xây dựng và chuẩn hóa các công cụ đánh giá năng lực. Nghiên cứu này tổng hợp và phân tích các kết quả nghiên cứu trong và ngoài nước về biểu hiện năng lực của học sinh trung học khi tham gia các hoạt động học tập thiết kế giải pháp trong giáo dục STE(A)M. Trên cơ sở đó, nghiên cứu đề xuất khung năng lực phức hợp tư duy thiết kế cho học sinh phổ thông tại Việt Nam, bao gồm 05 thành tố: (1) Xác lập vấn đề bằng đồng cảm, (2) Suy luận, (3) Đề xuất ý tưởng sáng tạo, (4) Mô hình hóa và (5) Quản lý tiến trình thực hiện. Khung năng lực này sẽ là nền tảng quan trọng cho việc xây dựng các công cụ đánh giá năng lực tư duy thiết kế của học sinh phổ thông và hoạch định các chính sách về giáo dục STE(A)M tại Việt Nam. Nghiên cứu cũng nhấn mạnh tầm quan trọng của việc phát triển các kỹ năng này nhằm trang bị cho học sinh những kỹ năng thiết yếu để thành công trong thế kỷ 21.
Từ khóa
năng lực tư duy thiết kế, giáo dục STE(A)M, đánh giá năng lực, học sinh trung học, khung năng lực
Chi tiết bài viết
Tài liệu tham khảo
Abaan, S., & Altıntoprak, A. (2005). Nurses’ Perceptions of Their Problem-Solving Ability: Analysis of Self Appraisals. Journal of Hacettepe University School of Nursing, 12(1), 62-76. doi:10.17371/UHD.2015310848
Amabile, T. M. (1998). How to Kill Creativity. Harvard Business Review, 77-87.
Anderson, N. (2012). Design Thinking: Employing an Effective Multidisciplinary Pedagogical Framework to Foster Creativity and Innovation in Rural and Remote Education. Australian and International Journal of Rural Education, 22(2), 43-52. Retrieved from https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ993477
Bain, J., & McLaren, S. V. (2006). Sustainable Assessment: Exploring A Learner-Centred Approach in Practice. In H. P. Middleton (Ed.), Values in Technology Education: 4th Biennial International Conference on Technology Education Research (TERC 2006) 4th Biennial International Conference on Technology Education Research (TERC 2006) (pp. 1-7). Surfers Paradise, QLD: Centre for Learning Research, Griffith University. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Susan-Mclaren-3/publication/27224215_Sustainable_Assessment_Exploring_a_learner-centred_approach_in_practice/links/5592845408aebd5e96d740a1/Sustainable-Assessment-Exploring-a-learner-centred-approach-in-practice.pdf
Baynes, K., & Baynes, B. (2010). Models of Change: The Future of Design Education. Design and Technology Education, 15(3), 10-17. Retrieved from https://ojs.lboro.ac.uk/DATE/article/view/1532
Bequette, J. W., & Bequette, M. B. (2012). A Place for Art and Design Education in the STEM Conversation. Art Education, 65(2), 40-47. doi:10.1080/00043125.2012.11519167
Berry, M. (2012). Analysis of a Program to Promote Design Education in Rural Queensland Secondary Schools. In H. Middleton (Ed.), 7th Biennial International Conference on Technology Education Research 2012: "Best Practice in Technology, Design and Engineering Education" (pp. 52-60). Griffith, Queensland, Australia: Griffith Institute for Educational Research.
Bransford, J., & Vanderbilt, U. (1993). The Jasper Series: Theoretical Foundations and Data on Problem Solving and Transfer. In L. A. Penner, G. M. Batsche, H. M. Knoff, & D. L. Nelson (Ed.), The Challenge in Mathematics and Science Education: Psychology's Response (pp. 113-152). American Psychological Association. doi:10.1037/10139-000
Carroll, M., Goldman, S., Britos, L., Koh, J., Royalty, A., & Hornstein, M. (2010). Destination, Imagination and the Fires Within: Design Thinking in a Middle School Classroom. International Journal of Art and Design Education, 29(1), 37-53. doi:10.1111/j.1476-8070.2010.01632.x
Cusens, D., & Byrd, H. (2013). An Exploration of Foundational Design Thinking across Educational Domains. Art, Design, and Communication in Higher Education, 12(2), 229-245. doi:10.1386/adch.12.2.229_1
Dunne, D. L., Martin, R., & Rotman, J. L. (2006). Design Thinking and How It Will Change Management Education: An Interview and Discussion. Academy of Management Learning and Education, 5(4), 512-523. doi:10.5465/AMLE.2006.23473212
Elshout, J. J. (1990). The Nature of Creativity: Contemporary Psychological Perspectives. Acta Psychologica, 75(1), 92-95. doi:10.1016/0001-6918(90)90069-r
Fodor, E. M., & Carver, R. A. (2000). Achievement and Power Motives, Performance Feedback, and Creativity. Journal of Research in Personality, 34(4), 380-396. doi:10.1006/jrpe.2000.2289
Hogan, R. (1969). Development of an Empathy Scale. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 33(3), 307-316. doi:10.1037/h0027580
Johns, G., & Mentzer, N. (2016). STEM integration through design and inquiry. Technology and Engineering Teacher, 76(3), 13-17. Retrieved from https://www.proquest.com/docview/1835963154?pq-origsite=gscholar&fromopenview=true
Kampylis, P., & Berki, E. (2014). Nurturing Creative Thinking. UNESCO - International Bureau of Education & International Academy of Education. Retrieved July 27, 2022, from http://www.ibe.unesco.org/fileadmin/user_upload/Publications/Educational_Practices/EdPractices_25eng.pdf
Kampylis, P., & Valtanen, J. (2010). Redefining Creativity - Analyzing Definitions, Collocations, and Consequences. The Journal of Creative Behavior, 44(3), 191-214. doi:10.1002/j.2162-6057.2010.tb01333.x
Kelley, T. R. (2010). Optimization, an Important Stage of Engineering Design. The Technology Teacher, 69(5), 18-23. Retrieved from https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/ncete_publications/32/
Kelley, T. R. (2014). Construction of an Engineer’s Notebook Rubric. Technology and Engineering Teacher, 73(5), 26-32.
Kelley, T. R. (2017). Design Sketching: A Lost Skill. Technology and Engineering Teacher, 8-12.
Kimbell, R. (2007). Assessment of Design and Technology in the U.K.: International Approaches to Assessment, CTTE 56th yearbook. In M. C. Hoepfl, & M. R. Lindstrom (Eds.), Assessment of Technology Education (pp. 181-202). Pennsylvania, US: Glencoe-McGraw Hill Publishing.
Kumcağız, H., Yılmaz, M., Çelik Balcı, S., & Avcı, A. (2011). Hemşirelerin iletişim becerileri: Samsun ili örneği. Dicle Tıp Dergisi, 38(1), 49-56. doi:10.5798/diclemedj.0921.2012.04.0184
Ladachart, L., Khamlarsai, S., & Phothong, W. (2022). Cultivating a Design Thinking Mindset in Educationally Disadvantaged Students Using a Design-based Activity. International Journal of Innovation in Science and Mathematics Education, 30(4), 1-14. doi:10.30722/IJISME.30.04.001
Lammi, M., & Becker, K. (2013). Engineering Design Thinking. Journal of Technology Education, 24, 55-77. Retrieved from https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1005688
Lim, S. S., Lim-Ratnam, C., & Atencio, M. (2013). Understanding the Processes behind Student Designing: Cases from Singapore. Design and Technology Education, 18(1), 20-29. Retrieved from https://ojs.lboro.ac.uk/DATE/article/view/1797
Mcclelland, D. (1973). Testing for Competence Rather Than for "Intelligence". The American psychologist, 28, 12-21. doi:10.1037/H0034092
Melles, G., Howard, Z., & Thompson-Whiteside, S. (2012). Teaching Design Thinking: Expanding Horizons in Design Education. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 31, 162-166. doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.12.035
Mentzer, N. (2014). Team-Based Engineering Design Thinking. Journal of Technology Education, 25(2), 52-72. doi:10.21061/jte.v25i2.a.4
Mentzer, N., Becker, K., & Sutton, M. (2015). Engineering Design Thinking: High School Students’ Performance and Knowledge. Journal of Engineering Education, 104(4), 417-432. doi:10.1002/jee.20105
Nguyen, H. D., Nguyen, H. N., & Ta, T. T. (2024). Enhancing Technology Competence among Primary Students through STEAM Lessons Applying the Design Thinking Process. Journal of Elementary Education, 17(2), 189-207. doi:10.18690/rei.2960
Nguyen, T. N., & Ta, T. T. (2021). STEAM Education and the Applicability of Design Thinking as an Approach to Integrate Art-Liberal into STEAM Education. HCMUE Journal of Science, 18(2), 310-320. doi:10.54607/hcmue.js.18.2.2996(2021)
Norris, A. (2014). Make-Her-Spaces as Hybrid Places: Designing and Resisting Self Constructions in Urban Classrooms. Equity & Excellence in Education, 47(1), 63-77. doi:10.1080/10665684.2014.866879
Oppezzo, M., & Schwartz, D. L. (2014). Give Your Ideas Some Legs: The Positive Effect of Walking on Creative Thinking. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 40(4), 1142-1152. doi:10.1037/a0036577
Phanphairoja, K., & Waleeittipat, S. (2022). Measurement Scale of Design Thinking Competency for Thai. Kasetsart Journal of Social Sciences, 43, 857-866. doi:10.34044/j.kjss.2022.43.4.08
Razzoukm, R., & Shute, V. (2012). What Is Design Thinking and Why Is It Important? Review of Educational Research, 82(3), 330-348.
Rizzolatti, G., & Vozza, L. (2007). Nella mente degli altri. Neuroni specchio e comportamento sociale (Vol. 4). Zanichelli Editore IT.
Rubenstein, D. J. (2000). Stimulating Children’s Creativity and Curiosity: Does Content and Medium Matter? The Journal of Creative Behavior, 34(1), 1-17. doi:10.1002/j.2162-6057.2000.tb01199.x
Rusmann, A., & Ejsing-Duun, S. (2022). When Design Thinking Goes to School: A Literature Review of Design Competences for the K-12 Level. International Journal of Technology and Design Education, 32(4), 2063-2091. doi:10.1007/s10798-021-09692-4
Rychen, D. S., & Salganik, L. H. (2002). Definition and Selection of Competencies (DESECO): theoretical and conceptual foundations. Strategy paper. Neuchatel, Switzerland: Swiss Federal Statistical Office. Retrieved from http://hdl.voced.edu.au/10707/156754
Saavedra, A. R., & Opfer, V. D. (2012). Learning 21st-Century Skills Requires 21st-Century Teaching. Phi Delta Kappan, 94(2), 8-13. doi:10.1177/00317217120940020
Scheer, A., Nowesk, C., & Meinel, C. (2012). Transforming Constructivist Learning into Action: Design Thinking in Education. Design and Technology Education: An International Journal, 17(3), 8-19. Retrieved July 26, 2022, from https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ996067.pdf
Shah, J. J., Vargas-Hernandez, N., & Smith, S. M. (2003). Metrics for measuring ideation effectiveness. Design Studies, 24(2), 111-134. doi:10.1016/S0142-694X(02)00034-0
Stephens, J. P., & Boland, B. J. (2015). The Aesthetic Knowledge Problem of Problem-solving with Design Thinking. Journal of Management Inquiry, 24(3), 219-232.
Sternberg, R. J., & Lubart, T. I. (1995). Defying the Crowd: Cultivating Creativity in a Culture. New York, NY, US: Free Press.
Sumadrita, D., & Sreenidhi, S. K. (2017). Hope – Holistic & Objective Psychometric Effectiveness in Competency Mapping. International Journal of Human Resource Management and Research, 7(1), 11-28.
Ta, T. T. (2023). Proposing the Process of Developing a Scale for Students’ Competency: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach. Ho Chi Minh City University of Education Journal of Science, 20(8), 1337-1352. doi:10.54607/hcmue.js.20.8.3812(2023)
Ta, T. T., Do, H. N., Nguyen, H. N., & Le, T. T. (2024). Framework for Measuring High School Students’ Design Thinking Competency in STE(A)M Education. International Journal of Technology and Design Education, 1-27. doi:10.1007/s10798-024-09922-5
Ta, T. T., Ta, H. A., & Nguyen, T. N. (2023). Students' Design Thinking Competency Expressed through Empathetic Problem-solving in STEAM Education. TNU Journal of Science and Technology, 228(04), 165-173. doi:10.34238/tnu-jst.7569
Tan, C., & Wong, Y. L. (2011). Promoting Spiritual Ideals through Design Thinking in Public Schools. International Journal of Children's Spirituality, 17(1), 25-37. doi:10.1080/1364436X.2011.651714
Watson, A. D. (2015). Design Thinking for Life. Art Education, 68(3), 12-18. doi:10.1080/00043125.2015.11519317
Weinert, S., Artelt, C., Prenzel, M., Senkbeil, M., Ehmke, T., & Carstensen, C. H. (2011). 5 Development of Competencies Across the Life Span. Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft, 14, 67-86. doi:10.1007/s11618-012-0265-0
Weisberg, R. W. (2015). On the Usefulness of "Value" in the Definition of Creativity. Creativity Research Journal, 27(2), 111-124. doi:10.1080/10400419.2015.1030320
Amabile, T. M. (1998). How to Kill Creativity. Harvard Business Review, 77-87.
Anderson, N. (2012). Design Thinking: Employing an Effective Multidisciplinary Pedagogical Framework to Foster Creativity and Innovation in Rural and Remote Education. Australian and International Journal of Rural Education, 22(2), 43-52. Retrieved from https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ993477
Bain, J., & McLaren, S. V. (2006). Sustainable Assessment: Exploring A Learner-Centred Approach in Practice. In H. P. Middleton (Ed.), Values in Technology Education: 4th Biennial International Conference on Technology Education Research (TERC 2006) 4th Biennial International Conference on Technology Education Research (TERC 2006) (pp. 1-7). Surfers Paradise, QLD: Centre for Learning Research, Griffith University. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Susan-Mclaren-3/publication/27224215_Sustainable_Assessment_Exploring_a_learner-centred_approach_in_practice/links/5592845408aebd5e96d740a1/Sustainable-Assessment-Exploring-a-learner-centred-approach-in-practice.pdf
Baynes, K., & Baynes, B. (2010). Models of Change: The Future of Design Education. Design and Technology Education, 15(3), 10-17. Retrieved from https://ojs.lboro.ac.uk/DATE/article/view/1532
Bequette, J. W., & Bequette, M. B. (2012). A Place for Art and Design Education in the STEM Conversation. Art Education, 65(2), 40-47. doi:10.1080/00043125.2012.11519167
Berry, M. (2012). Analysis of a Program to Promote Design Education in Rural Queensland Secondary Schools. In H. Middleton (Ed.), 7th Biennial International Conference on Technology Education Research 2012: "Best Practice in Technology, Design and Engineering Education" (pp. 52-60). Griffith, Queensland, Australia: Griffith Institute for Educational Research.
Bransford, J., & Vanderbilt, U. (1993). The Jasper Series: Theoretical Foundations and Data on Problem Solving and Transfer. In L. A. Penner, G. M. Batsche, H. M. Knoff, & D. L. Nelson (Ed.), The Challenge in Mathematics and Science Education: Psychology's Response (pp. 113-152). American Psychological Association. doi:10.1037/10139-000
Carroll, M., Goldman, S., Britos, L., Koh, J., Royalty, A., & Hornstein, M. (2010). Destination, Imagination and the Fires Within: Design Thinking in a Middle School Classroom. International Journal of Art and Design Education, 29(1), 37-53. doi:10.1111/j.1476-8070.2010.01632.x
Cusens, D., & Byrd, H. (2013). An Exploration of Foundational Design Thinking across Educational Domains. Art, Design, and Communication in Higher Education, 12(2), 229-245. doi:10.1386/adch.12.2.229_1
Dunne, D. L., Martin, R., & Rotman, J. L. (2006). Design Thinking and How It Will Change Management Education: An Interview and Discussion. Academy of Management Learning and Education, 5(4), 512-523. doi:10.5465/AMLE.2006.23473212
Elshout, J. J. (1990). The Nature of Creativity: Contemporary Psychological Perspectives. Acta Psychologica, 75(1), 92-95. doi:10.1016/0001-6918(90)90069-r
Fodor, E. M., & Carver, R. A. (2000). Achievement and Power Motives, Performance Feedback, and Creativity. Journal of Research in Personality, 34(4), 380-396. doi:10.1006/jrpe.2000.2289
Hogan, R. (1969). Development of an Empathy Scale. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 33(3), 307-316. doi:10.1037/h0027580
Johns, G., & Mentzer, N. (2016). STEM integration through design and inquiry. Technology and Engineering Teacher, 76(3), 13-17. Retrieved from https://www.proquest.com/docview/1835963154?pq-origsite=gscholar&fromopenview=true
Kampylis, P., & Berki, E. (2014). Nurturing Creative Thinking. UNESCO - International Bureau of Education & International Academy of Education. Retrieved July 27, 2022, from http://www.ibe.unesco.org/fileadmin/user_upload/Publications/Educational_Practices/EdPractices_25eng.pdf
Kampylis, P., & Valtanen, J. (2010). Redefining Creativity - Analyzing Definitions, Collocations, and Consequences. The Journal of Creative Behavior, 44(3), 191-214. doi:10.1002/j.2162-6057.2010.tb01333.x
Kelley, T. R. (2010). Optimization, an Important Stage of Engineering Design. The Technology Teacher, 69(5), 18-23. Retrieved from https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/ncete_publications/32/
Kelley, T. R. (2014). Construction of an Engineer’s Notebook Rubric. Technology and Engineering Teacher, 73(5), 26-32.
Kelley, T. R. (2017). Design Sketching: A Lost Skill. Technology and Engineering Teacher, 8-12.
Kimbell, R. (2007). Assessment of Design and Technology in the U.K.: International Approaches to Assessment, CTTE 56th yearbook. In M. C. Hoepfl, & M. R. Lindstrom (Eds.), Assessment of Technology Education (pp. 181-202). Pennsylvania, US: Glencoe-McGraw Hill Publishing.
Kumcağız, H., Yılmaz, M., Çelik Balcı, S., & Avcı, A. (2011). Hemşirelerin iletişim becerileri: Samsun ili örneği. Dicle Tıp Dergisi, 38(1), 49-56. doi:10.5798/diclemedj.0921.2012.04.0184
Ladachart, L., Khamlarsai, S., & Phothong, W. (2022). Cultivating a Design Thinking Mindset in Educationally Disadvantaged Students Using a Design-based Activity. International Journal of Innovation in Science and Mathematics Education, 30(4), 1-14. doi:10.30722/IJISME.30.04.001
Lammi, M., & Becker, K. (2013). Engineering Design Thinking. Journal of Technology Education, 24, 55-77. Retrieved from https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1005688
Lim, S. S., Lim-Ratnam, C., & Atencio, M. (2013). Understanding the Processes behind Student Designing: Cases from Singapore. Design and Technology Education, 18(1), 20-29. Retrieved from https://ojs.lboro.ac.uk/DATE/article/view/1797
Mcclelland, D. (1973). Testing for Competence Rather Than for "Intelligence". The American psychologist, 28, 12-21. doi:10.1037/H0034092
Melles, G., Howard, Z., & Thompson-Whiteside, S. (2012). Teaching Design Thinking: Expanding Horizons in Design Education. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 31, 162-166. doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.12.035
Mentzer, N. (2014). Team-Based Engineering Design Thinking. Journal of Technology Education, 25(2), 52-72. doi:10.21061/jte.v25i2.a.4
Mentzer, N., Becker, K., & Sutton, M. (2015). Engineering Design Thinking: High School Students’ Performance and Knowledge. Journal of Engineering Education, 104(4), 417-432. doi:10.1002/jee.20105
Nguyen, H. D., Nguyen, H. N., & Ta, T. T. (2024). Enhancing Technology Competence among Primary Students through STEAM Lessons Applying the Design Thinking Process. Journal of Elementary Education, 17(2), 189-207. doi:10.18690/rei.2960
Nguyen, T. N., & Ta, T. T. (2021). STEAM Education and the Applicability of Design Thinking as an Approach to Integrate Art-Liberal into STEAM Education. HCMUE Journal of Science, 18(2), 310-320. doi:10.54607/hcmue.js.18.2.2996(2021)
Norris, A. (2014). Make-Her-Spaces as Hybrid Places: Designing and Resisting Self Constructions in Urban Classrooms. Equity & Excellence in Education, 47(1), 63-77. doi:10.1080/10665684.2014.866879
Oppezzo, M., & Schwartz, D. L. (2014). Give Your Ideas Some Legs: The Positive Effect of Walking on Creative Thinking. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 40(4), 1142-1152. doi:10.1037/a0036577
Phanphairoja, K., & Waleeittipat, S. (2022). Measurement Scale of Design Thinking Competency for Thai. Kasetsart Journal of Social Sciences, 43, 857-866. doi:10.34044/j.kjss.2022.43.4.08
Razzoukm, R., & Shute, V. (2012). What Is Design Thinking and Why Is It Important? Review of Educational Research, 82(3), 330-348.
Rizzolatti, G., & Vozza, L. (2007). Nella mente degli altri. Neuroni specchio e comportamento sociale (Vol. 4). Zanichelli Editore IT.
Rubenstein, D. J. (2000). Stimulating Children’s Creativity and Curiosity: Does Content and Medium Matter? The Journal of Creative Behavior, 34(1), 1-17. doi:10.1002/j.2162-6057.2000.tb01199.x
Rusmann, A., & Ejsing-Duun, S. (2022). When Design Thinking Goes to School: A Literature Review of Design Competences for the K-12 Level. International Journal of Technology and Design Education, 32(4), 2063-2091. doi:10.1007/s10798-021-09692-4
Rychen, D. S., & Salganik, L. H. (2002). Definition and Selection of Competencies (DESECO): theoretical and conceptual foundations. Strategy paper. Neuchatel, Switzerland: Swiss Federal Statistical Office. Retrieved from http://hdl.voced.edu.au/10707/156754
Saavedra, A. R., & Opfer, V. D. (2012). Learning 21st-Century Skills Requires 21st-Century Teaching. Phi Delta Kappan, 94(2), 8-13. doi:10.1177/00317217120940020
Scheer, A., Nowesk, C., & Meinel, C. (2012). Transforming Constructivist Learning into Action: Design Thinking in Education. Design and Technology Education: An International Journal, 17(3), 8-19. Retrieved July 26, 2022, from https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ996067.pdf
Shah, J. J., Vargas-Hernandez, N., & Smith, S. M. (2003). Metrics for measuring ideation effectiveness. Design Studies, 24(2), 111-134. doi:10.1016/S0142-694X(02)00034-0
Stephens, J. P., & Boland, B. J. (2015). The Aesthetic Knowledge Problem of Problem-solving with Design Thinking. Journal of Management Inquiry, 24(3), 219-232.
Sternberg, R. J., & Lubart, T. I. (1995). Defying the Crowd: Cultivating Creativity in a Culture. New York, NY, US: Free Press.
Sumadrita, D., & Sreenidhi, S. K. (2017). Hope – Holistic & Objective Psychometric Effectiveness in Competency Mapping. International Journal of Human Resource Management and Research, 7(1), 11-28.
Ta, T. T. (2023). Proposing the Process of Developing a Scale for Students’ Competency: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach. Ho Chi Minh City University of Education Journal of Science, 20(8), 1337-1352. doi:10.54607/hcmue.js.20.8.3812(2023)
Ta, T. T., Do, H. N., Nguyen, H. N., & Le, T. T. (2024). Framework for Measuring High School Students’ Design Thinking Competency in STE(A)M Education. International Journal of Technology and Design Education, 1-27. doi:10.1007/s10798-024-09922-5
Ta, T. T., Ta, H. A., & Nguyen, T. N. (2023). Students' Design Thinking Competency Expressed through Empathetic Problem-solving in STEAM Education. TNU Journal of Science and Technology, 228(04), 165-173. doi:10.34238/tnu-jst.7569
Tan, C., & Wong, Y. L. (2011). Promoting Spiritual Ideals through Design Thinking in Public Schools. International Journal of Children's Spirituality, 17(1), 25-37. doi:10.1080/1364436X.2011.651714
Watson, A. D. (2015). Design Thinking for Life. Art Education, 68(3), 12-18. doi:10.1080/00043125.2015.11519317
Weinert, S., Artelt, C., Prenzel, M., Senkbeil, M., Ehmke, T., & Carstensen, C. H. (2011). 5 Development of Competencies Across the Life Span. Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft, 14, 67-86. doi:10.1007/s11618-012-0265-0
Weisberg, R. W. (2015). On the Usefulness of "Value" in the Definition of Creativity. Creativity Research Journal, 27(2), 111-124. doi:10.1080/10400419.2015.1030320