汉语二语习得句子类实验材料的构建： 从语言学理论到心理实验变量控制流程
Nội dung chính của bài viết
Tóm tắt
在汉语二语习得（SLA）研究中，实验法是连接语言学假设与实证数据的关键桥梁。针对当前研究中理论假设与实验操作脱节的问题，本文提出了一套规范化的句子类实验材料构建与变量控制流程。通过分析 Zhao (2009)、Yuan (2012) 及 Pham (2024) 的典型案例，本文勾勒出一条从基础结构中的实词向句法-语义、词汇-句法等复杂界面中的虚词拓展的方法论演进脉络。本文旨在提出通过内隐变量控制来保障实验设计内部效度的核心策略。通过主语中性化、谓语性质锁定、目标词位置控制以及剔除研究范围之外的干扰成分等具体操作，本文阐述了如何从语言学知识转向符合设计要求的实验材料。同时，研究指出在特定受控条件下，牺牲部分自然度生态效度以换取严苛的实验控制权是合理且必要的。最后，本文为二语习得研究者提供了一条从术语走向标准实操的路径，强调变量控制流程是获取具备高解释力与高信度数据的前提。
Từ khóa
实验研究；二语习得；界面假说；句子类实验材料；变量控制
Chi tiết bài viết
Tài liệu tham khảo
Chen, X. L. (2023). 语气副词 [Modal Adverbs]. Beijing Language and Culture University Press.
Pham, N. D. (2024). 越南大学生汉语疑问句中语气副词“难道”和“到底”的习得研究 [An experimental study on the acquisition of Chinese modal adverbs “nandao” and “daodi” in interrogative sentences by Vietnamese college students] (Doctoral dissertation, Beijing Normal University).
Sorace, A., & Filiaci, F. (2006). Anaphora resolution in near-native speakers of Italian. Second Language Research, 22, 339–368.
Wu, F. Y. (2022). 句子加工研究 [Sentence Processing]. Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press.
Yu, L., & Shu, H. (1999). 句子理解加工的新进展 [New developments in sentence comprehension processing]. 心理学动态 [Advances in Psychological Science], 7(4), 7–13.
Yuan, B. P. (2012). 从汉语二语习得中的界面问题看影响成人二语习得成功的原因——以习得汉语 wh-词做不定代词为例 [Interface issues in Chinese SLA and factors affecting adult SLA success: The case of wh-words as indefinites]. 外语教学与研究 [Foreign Language Teaching and Research], 44(6), 856-874.
Zhao, Y. (2009a). 汉语非宾格动词和心理动词的习得研究——兼论超集－子集关系与可学习性 [Acquisition of unaccusative and psychological verbs in Chinese: Superset–subset relations and learnability]. 世界汉语教学 [Chinese Teaching in the World], (1), 86-100.
Zhao, Y. (2009b). 中介语中的题元层级：母语为日语的学习者对汉语心理动词习得研究 [Thematic hierarchy in interlanguage: L1 Japanese learners’ acquisition of Chinese psychological verbs]. 云南师范大学学报 [Journal of Yunnan Normal University (Teaching Chinese as a Foreign Language and Research Edition)], (6), 1-8.
Pham, N. D. (2024). 越南大学生汉语疑问句中语气副词“难道”和“到底”的习得研究 [An experimental study on the acquisition of Chinese modal adverbs “nandao” and “daodi” in interrogative sentences by Vietnamese college students] (Doctoral dissertation, Beijing Normal University).
Sorace, A., & Filiaci, F. (2006). Anaphora resolution in near-native speakers of Italian. Second Language Research, 22, 339–368.
Wu, F. Y. (2022). 句子加工研究 [Sentence Processing]. Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press.
Yu, L., & Shu, H. (1999). 句子理解加工的新进展 [New developments in sentence comprehension processing]. 心理学动态 [Advances in Psychological Science], 7(4), 7–13.
Yuan, B. P. (2012). 从汉语二语习得中的界面问题看影响成人二语习得成功的原因——以习得汉语 wh-词做不定代词为例 [Interface issues in Chinese SLA and factors affecting adult SLA success: The case of wh-words as indefinites]. 外语教学与研究 [Foreign Language Teaching and Research], 44(6), 856-874.
Zhao, Y. (2009a). 汉语非宾格动词和心理动词的习得研究——兼论超集－子集关系与可学习性 [Acquisition of unaccusative and psychological verbs in Chinese: Superset–subset relations and learnability]. 世界汉语教学 [Chinese Teaching in the World], (1), 86-100.
Zhao, Y. (2009b). 中介语中的题元层级：母语为日语的学习者对汉语心理动词习得研究 [Thematic hierarchy in interlanguage: L1 Japanese learners’ acquisition of Chinese psychological verbs]. 云南师范大学学报 [Journal of Yunnan Normal University (Teaching Chinese as a Foreign Language and Research Edition)], (6), 1-8.