越南中高级阶段汉语学习者汉字书写偏误分析——以胡志明市师范大学中文系三年级学生为例
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Tóm tắt
本文以胡志明市师范大学中文系24名三年级学生为研究对象，通过对期中考试写作语料的偏误分析，考察越南中高级阶段汉语学习者汉字书写偏误的类型、分布特征及可能成因。研究共收集256例偏误，其中音近误用 (21.88%)、笔画误写 (18.75%) 与笔画增减 (15.63%) 为最主要的偏误类型。研究结果显示，学习者在汉字书写过程中主要面临音形对应干扰与字形表征不稳定等问题。进一步分析发现，这些偏误可能与学习者对语音线索的依赖、汉字构形复杂性以及字形辨析与提取能力不足等因素有关。研究结果可为越南汉语教学中的汉字书写训练提供一定参考。
Từ khóa
汉字书写；偏误分析；笔画偏误；越南汉语学习者；整字偏误
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Tài liệu tham khảo
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Gong, Z. (2020). 留学生汉字书写偏误的应对策略新探 [A new exploration of strategies for addressing Chinese character writing errors among international students]. 文学教育(下) [Literature Education (Part II) ], (2), 131–133. https://doi.org/10.16692/j.cnki.wxjyx.2020.02.061
Huang, Y., & Zhang, J. (2024). 摩洛哥初级汉语学习者汉字书写的结构偏误分析 [An analysis of structural errors in Chinese character writing among elementary Chinese learners in Morocco]. 汉字文化 [Chinese Character Culture], (18), 111–113. https://doi.org/10.14014/j.cnki.cn11-2597/g2.2024.18.029
Ma, L. (2013). 越南留学生汉字书写偏误分析及教学对策——以文山学院太原大学留学生为例 [An analysis of Chinese character writing errors among Vietnamese international students and corresponding teaching strategies: A case study of students from Thai Nguyen University at Wenshan University]. 文山学院学报 [Journal of Wenshan University], 26(2), 95–98.
Niu, S. (2021). 外国人汉字书写偏误分析中的归类与评估研究 — 以葡萄牙零起点学生的错字为例 [A study on classification and evaluation in the analysis of Chinese character writing errors among foreign learners: A case study of errors made by Portuguese beginners]. 云南师范大学学报(对外汉语教学与研究版) [Journal of Yunnan Normal University (Teaching and Research on Chinese as a Foreign Language) ], 19(4), 75–85. https://doi.org/10.16802/j.cnki.ynsddw.2021.04.010
Niu, S. (2023). 外国人汉字书写偏误描述法的辨析 [A discussion on methods for describing Chinese character writing errors among foreign learners]. 云南师范大学学报 (对外汉语教学与研究版) [Journal of Yunnan Normal University (Teaching and Research on Chinese as a Foreign Language)], 21(2), 71–78. https://doi.org/10.16802/j.cnki.ynsddw.2023.02.009
Shang, H., & Nie, Z. (2022). 柬埔寨华校学生汉字笔画偏误情况分析 [An analysis of stroke errors in Chinese character writing among Chinese school students in Cambodia]. 红河学院学报 [Journal of Honghe University], 20(4), 141–144. https://doi.org/10.13963/j.cnki.hhuxb.2022.04.033
Wang, C., & Yang, K. (2023). 巴基斯坦汉语学习者汉字偏误分析 [An analysis of Chinese character errors among Chinese language learners in Pakistan]. 呼伦贝尔学院学报 [Journal of Hulunbuir University], 31(1), 59–63.
Wang, W., & Zhao, L. (2020). 留学生汉字书写能力较弱原因及教学对策 [Causes of weak Chinese character writing ability among international students and corresponding teaching strategies]. 文学教育 (下) [Literature Education (Part II) ], (5), 138–139. https://doi.org/10.16692/j.cnki.wxjyx.2020.05.064
Xu, X. (2024). 阿拉伯初级汉语学习者汉字偏误研究 [A study on Chinese character errors among elementary Chinese learners from Arabic-speaking backgrounds]. 汉字文化 [Chinese Character Culture], (9), 174–178, 181. https://doi.org/10.14014/j.cnki.cn11-2597/g2.2024.09.029
Zhang, P. (2020). 美国中学生汉字书写偏误分析及应对策略 [An analysis of Chinese character writing errors among American secondary school students and corresponding strategies]. (硕士学位论文, 苏州大学) [Master’s thesis, Soochow University]. https://doi.org/10.27351/d.cnki.gszhu.2020.001898