AN INVESTIGATION ON THE SYNTHESIS OF Y-90 GLASS MICROSPHERES AND Y-90 GEL MICROSPHERES FOR THE TREATMENT OF LIVER CANCERS IN VIET NAM
Main Article Content
Abstract
In this article, Y-90 glass microspheres and Y-90 gel microspheres are synthesized in Da Lat Nuclear Reactor for treating liver cancers. The morphology and size of Y-90 microspheres were checked by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), chemical purity was checked by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), radionuclide purity was analysed by gamma ray spectrometer Canberra-GC-3019-7500SL, radiochemical purity was checked by the instant thin layer chromatography, toxic heavy metals (ICP-MS), and sterility, bacterial endotoxins, and product stability over time were analysed by British Pharmacopoeia 2016. The results showed that the Y-90 glass microspheres and Y-90 gel microspheres have the particle sizes of 20-30 µm and a high specific activity to meet the quality standards of radiopharmaceuticals according to British Pharmacopoeia 2016. This is a promising radiopharmaceutical for the treatment of primary and secondary liver cancers using radioembolization in Vietnam.
Keywords
liver cancer, radiopharmaceutical, Y-90 gel microspheres, Y-90 glass microsphere
Article Details
References
Bortot, M. B., Prastalo, S., & Prado, M. (2012). Production and Characterization of Glass Microspheres for Hepatic Cancer Treatment. Procedia Materials Science, 1, 351-358.
Bray, F., Ferlay, J., Soerjomataram, I., Siegel, R. L., Torre, L. A., & Jemal, A. (2018). Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality. CA Cancer J Clin, 68, 394-424.
British Pharmacopoeia commission. (2016). British Pharmacopoeia 2016. Appendix XIII: Particulate Contamination: Sub-Visible Particles.
Bunck, A. C., Pinto Dos Santos, D., Chang, D. H., Reiser, M., Pfister, D., Bunck, A., Drzezga, A., Maintz, D., & Schmidt, M. (2017). Successful Yttrium-90 Microsphere Radioembolization for Hepatic Metastases of Prostate Cancer. Case Reports in Oncology, 10(2), 627-633.
El-Serag, H. B., & Rudolph, K. L. (2007). Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Epidemiology and Molecular Carcinogenesis. Gastroenterology, 132(7), 2557-2576.
Goldsten, J. O., Rhodes, E. A., Boynton, W. V., Feldman, W. C., Lawrence, D. J., Trombka, J. I., Smith, D. M., Evans, L. G., White, J., Madden, N. W., Berg, P. C., Murphy, G. A., Gurnee, R. S., Strohbehn, K., Williams, B. D., Schaefer, E. D., Monaco, C. A., Cork, C. P., Del Eckels, J., … Witte, M. C. (2007). The MESSENGER gamma-ray and neutron spectrometer. Space Science Reviews, 131, 339-391.
Janssen, G.-J. (2015). Information on the FESEM (Field-emission Scanning Electron Microscope). Radboud University Nijmegen.
K., K.-J., J., M., A., S., J., X., & E., M. (2012). Therasphere radioembolization of metastatic insulinoma in the post-transplant liver: A case report and review of the literature. Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, 23(6), 853e34.
Łada, W., Iller, E., Wawszczak, D., Konior, M., & Dziel, T. (2016). 90Y microspheres prepared by sol-gel method, promising medical material for radioembolization of liver malignancies. Materials Science and Engineering: C, 67, 629-635.
Nageswaran, G., Choudhary, Y. S., & Jagannathan, S. (2017). Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry. Spectroscopic Methods for Nanomaterials Characterization, 163-194.
Saha, G. B. (2017). Fundamentals of Nuclear Pharmacy. Fundamentals of Nuclear Pharmacy, Springer, XVII, 428.
Santiago, M., & Strobel, S. (2013). Thin layer chromatography. Methods in Enzymology, 533, 303-324.
Townsend, A., Price, T., & Karapetis, C. (2009). Selective internal radiation therapy for liver metastases from colorectal cancer. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 4. Art. No.: CD007045.
Welsh, J. S., Kennedy, A. S., & Thomadsen, B. (2006). Selective internal radiation therapy (SIRT) for liver metastases secondary to colorectal adenocarcinoma. International Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology Physics, 66(2), S62-S73.