MINIMALLY VERBAL CHILDREN WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER: A CHALLENGE OF TREATMENT AND EDUCATION
Main Article Content
Abstract
This paper reviews up-to-date research related to the topic of minimally verbal children with autism spectrum disorder, who have limited spoken language. The review shows that recent research focuses on the following topics: definition and characteristic of minimally verbal children with autism spectrum disorder, reliable assessments, and effective intervention models for this population. The literature review indicates that the number of minimally verbal children with autism spectrum disorder is significantly high. Treatments and education for them are still challenging. Future research is necessary to provide effective treatments and quality education for them.
Keywords
autism spectrum disorder, minimally verbal, definition, interventions
Article Details
References
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Goods, K. S., Ishijima, E., Chang, Y.-C., & Kasari, C. (2013). Preschool based JASPER intervention in minimally verbal children with autism: Pilot RCT. Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 43(5), 1050-1056.
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Luyster, R. J., Kadlec, M. B., Carter, A., & Tager-Flusberg, H. (2008). Language assessment and development in toddlers with autism spectrum disorders. Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 38(8), 1426-1438.
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Schlosser, R. W., & Wendt, O. (2008). Effects of augmentative and alternative communication intervention on speech production in children with autism: A systematic review. American journal of speech-language pathology.
Sussman, F., & Lewis, R. B. (1999). More than words: A guide to helping parents promote communication and social skills in children with autism spectrum disorder: Hanen Centre Toronto.
Tager‐Flusberg, H., & Kasari, C. (2013). Minimally verbal school‐aged children with autism spectrum disorder: The neglected end of the spectrum. Autism research, 6(6), 468-478.
Thurm, A., Lord, C., Lee, L.-C., & Newschaffer, C. (2007). Predictors of language acquisition in preschool children with autism spectrum disorders. Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 37(9), 1721-1734.
Turner, L. M., Stone, W. L., Pozdol, S. L., & Coonrod, E. E. (2006). Follow-up of children with autism spectrum disorders from age 2 to age 9. Autism, 10(3), 243-265.
Yoder, P., & Stone, W. L. (2006). A randomized comparison of the effect of two prelinguistic communication interventions on the acquisition of spoken communication in preschoolers with ASD. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research.
Zeliadt N. (2018, May 12), Who's "minimally verbal"? Depend whom you ask. Retreived from https://www.spectrumnews.org/news/whos-minimally-verbal-depends-ask/
Almirall, D., DiStefano, C., Chang, Y.-C., Shire, S., Kaiser, A., Lu, X., . . . Kasari, C. (2016). Longitudinal effects of adaptive interventions with a speech-generating device in minimally verbal children with ASD. Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology, 45(4),
442-456.
Anderson, D. K., Lord, C., Risi, S., DiLavore, P. S., Shulman, C., Thurm, A., . . . Pickles, A. (2007). Patterns of growth in verbal abilities among children with autism spectrum disorder. Journal of consulting and clinical psychology, 75(4), 594.
DiStefano, C., Shih, W., Kaiser, A., Landa, R., & Kasari, C. (2016). Communication growth in minimally verbal children with ASD: The importance of interaction. Autism research, 9(10), 1093-1102.
Edelson, L., Fine, A., & Tager-Flusberg, H. (2008). Comprehension of nouns and verbs in toddlers with autism: An eye-tracking study. Paper presented at the International Meeting for Autism Research.
Emerson, A., & Dearden, J. (2013). Accommodating to motor difficulties and communication impairments in people with autism: the MORE intervention model. Frontiers in integrative neuroscience, 7, 45.
Goods, K. S., Ishijima, E., Chang, Y.-C., & Kasari, C. (2013). Preschool based JASPER intervention in minimally verbal children with autism: Pilot RCT. Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 43(5), 1050-1056.
Howlin, P., Gordon, R. K., Pasco, G., Wade, A., & Charman, T. (2007). The effectiveness of Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) training for teachers of children with autism: a pragmatic, group randomised controlled trial. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 48(5), 473-481.
Howlin, P., Magiati, I., & Charman, T. (2009). Systematic review of early intensive behavioral interventions for children with autism. American journal on intellectual and developmental disabilities, 114(1), 23-41.
Kasari, C., Kaiser, A., Goods, K., Nietfeld, J., Mathy, P., Landa, R., . . . Almirall, D. (2014). Communication interventions for minimally verbal children with autism: A sequential multiple assignment randomized trial. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 53(6), 635-646.
Koegel, R. L., Shirotova, L., & Koegel, L. K. (2009). Brief report: Using individualized orienting cues to facilitate first-word acquisition in non-responders with autism. Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 39(11), 1587-1592.
Lorah, E. R., Parnell, A., Whitby, P. S., & Hantula, D. (2015). A systematic review of tablet computers and portable media players as speech generating devices for individuals with autism spectrum disorder. Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 45(12), 3792-3804.
Luyster, R. J., Kadlec, M. B., Carter, A., & Tager-Flusberg, H. (2008). Language assessment and development in toddlers with autism spectrum disorders. Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 38(8), 1426-1438.
Mundy, P., & Newell, L. (2007). Attention, joint attention, and social cognition. Current directions in psychological science, 16(5), 269-274.
Munson, J., Dawson, G., Sterling, L., Beauchaine, T., Zhou, A., Koehler, E., . . . Estes, A. (2008). Evidence for latent classes of IQ in young children with autism spectrum disorder. American Journal on Mental Retardation, 113(6), 439-452.
Norrelgen, F., Fernell, E., Eriksson, M., Hedvall, Å., Persson, C., Sjölin, M., . . . Kjellmer, L. (2015). Children with autism spectrum disorders who do not develop phrase speech in the preschool years. Autism, 19(8), 934-943.
Paul, R., Campbell, D., Gilbert, K., & Tsiouri, I. (2013). Comparing spoken language treatments for minimally verbal preschoolers with autism spectrum disorders. Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 43(2), 418-431.
Pickett, E., Pullara, O., O'Grady, J., & Gordon, B. (2009). Speech acquisition in older nonverbal individuals with autism: a review of features, methods, and prognosis. Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology, 22(1), 1-21.
Rapin, I., Dunn, M. A., Allen, D. A., Stevens, M. C., & Fein, D. (2009). Subtypes of language disorders in school-age children with autism. Developmental Neuropsychology, 34(1), 66-84.
Romski, M., Sevcik, R. A., Adamson, L. B., Cheslock, M., Smith, A., Barker, R. M., & Bakeman, R. (2010). Randomized comparison of augmented and nonaugmented language interventions for toddlers with developmental delays and their parents. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research.
Rose, V., Trembath, D., Keen, D., & Paynter, J. (2016). The proportion of minimally verbal children with autism spectrum disorder in a community‐based early intervention programme. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 60(5), 464-477.
Schlosser, R. W., & Wendt, O. (2008). Effects of augmentative and alternative communication intervention on speech production in children with autism: A systematic review. American journal of speech-language pathology.
Sussman, F., & Lewis, R. B. (1999). More than words: A guide to helping parents promote communication and social skills in children with autism spectrum disorder: Hanen Centre Toronto.
Tager‐Flusberg, H., & Kasari, C. (2013). Minimally verbal school‐aged children with autism spectrum disorder: The neglected end of the spectrum. Autism research, 6(6), 468-478.
Thurm, A., Lord, C., Lee, L.-C., & Newschaffer, C. (2007). Predictors of language acquisition in preschool children with autism spectrum disorders. Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 37(9), 1721-1734.
Turner, L. M., Stone, W. L., Pozdol, S. L., & Coonrod, E. E. (2006). Follow-up of children with autism spectrum disorders from age 2 to age 9. Autism, 10(3), 243-265.
Yoder, P., & Stone, W. L. (2006). A randomized comparison of the effect of two prelinguistic communication interventions on the acquisition of spoken communication in preschoolers with ASD. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research.
Zeliadt N. (2018, May 12), Who's "minimally verbal"? Depend whom you ask. Retreived from https://www.spectrumnews.org/news/whos-minimally-verbal-depends-ask/