SYNTHESIS AND INVESTIGATION OF THE ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND DESALINATION POTENTIAL OF COMPOSITE TIO2/CARBON AEROGEL MATERIALS USING CAPACITY TECHNOLOGY
Main Article Content
Abstract
The performance of supercapacitors and capacitive deionization (CDI) is influenced by various parameters, including the characteristics of the electrodes, the electrolyte composition (namely the type of salt and its concentration), and the applied voltage during operation. Out of the aforementioned factors, the electrode emerges as the paramount determinant that exerts a direct influence on the desalination efficacy of Capacitive Deionization (CDI) technology. This study involved the fabrication of TiO2/carbon aerogel nanocomposite materials, followed by an investigation into the electrochemical characteristics and salt adsorption capacity of the produced materials. The TiO2 material generated using the sol-gel process exhibits a structure similar to anatase, with a crystal size of around 17.7 nm. The augmentation of TiO2 has been found to enhance both the energy storage capacity and desalination capacity in relation to the rise in CDI capacitance technology. Notably, the maximum specific capacitance recorded was 154 F.g-1 in a 0.5 M NaCl solution. Furthermore, the adsorption capacity of the SAC salt was determined to be 25 mg.g-1 when exposed to a 200 ppm NaCl solution at a voltage of 1.4 V.
Keywords
capacitive deionization, supercapacitors, sol-gel, TiO2/carbon aerogel
Article Details
References
Hadjer, K., Klein, T., & Schopp, M. (2005). Water consumption embedded in its social context, north-western Benin. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C, 30(6-7), 357-364. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pce.2005.06.014
Hodaei, A., Dezfuli, A. S., & Naderi, H. R. (2018). A high-performance supercapacitor based on N-doped TiO 2 nanoparticles. Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics, 29, 14596-14604. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-018-9595-x
Li, T., Wu, Y., Wang, Q., Zhang, D., Zhang, A., & Miao, M. (2017). TiO 2 crystalline structure and electrochemical performance in two-ply yarn CNT/TiO 2 asymmetric supercapacitors. Journal of Materials Science, 52, 7733-7743. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-017-1033-6
Liu, Z., Tian, D., Shen, F., Nnanna, P. C., Hu, J., Zeng, Y., Yang, G., He, J., & Deng, S. (2020). Valorization of composting leachate for preparing carbon material to achieve high electrochemical performances for supercapacitor electrode. Journal of Power Sources, 458, Article 228057. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2020.228057
Shao, Y., El-Kady, M. F., Sun, J., Li, Y., Zhang, Q., Zhu, M., Wang, H., Dunn, B., & Kaner, R. B. (2018). Design and mechanisms of asymmetric supercapacitors. Chemical reviews, 118(18), 9233-9280. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00252
Sobaszek, M., Siuzdak, K., Sawczak, M., Ryl, J., & Bogdanowicz, R. (2016). Fabrication and characterization of composite TiO2 nanotubes/boron-doped diamond electrodes towards enhanced supercapacitors. Thin Solid Films, 601, 35-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2015.09.073
Song, Z. (2022). Battery/Supercapacitor hybrid energy storage system in vehicle applications. In Microsupercapacitors (pp. 165-192). Elsevier.
White, R. J., Brun, N., Budarin, V. L., Clark, J. H., & Titirici, M. M. (2014). Always look on the “light” side of life: sustainable carbon aerogels. ChemSusChem, 7(3), 670-689. https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.201300961
Wu, D., Fu, R., Zhang, S., Dresselhaus, M. S., & Dresselhaus, G. (2004). The preparation of carbon aerogels based upon the gelation of resorcinol–furfural in isopropanol with organic base catalyst. Journal of non-crystalline solids, 336(1), 26-31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2003.12.051