ẢNH HƯỞNG CỦA CHỦ NGHĨA BÁ QUYỀN PHÁP TRONG CÁC TÁC PHẨM VIẾT VỀ AN NAM CỦA NGƯỜI PHÁP: NGHỆ THUẬT XỨ AN NAM CỦA HENRI GOURDON, TÂM LÍ DÂN TỘC AN NAM CỦA PAUL GIRAN VÀ BẮC KỲ TẠP LỤC CỦA HENRI EMMANUEL SOUVIGNET

Abstract

he French presence in Annam from 1858, along with the subsequent occupation and colonization of Cochinchina during the latter half of the nineteenth century, constitutes a pivotal historical event. The French perceived themselves as representatives of the superior French civilization, entrusted with a civilizing mission to bring enlightenment to what they regarded as a “backward” people. French hegemony functioned as a guiding ideological framework that underpinned all activities conducted by the French in colonial Annam. This article, grounded in the theoretical perspectives of hegemony and cultural hegemony articulated by Edward Wadie Said, undertakes an analysis of the manifestations of French hegemonic discourse in several writings by French authors on Annam from the late nineteenth to the early twentieth century. Through this analysis, we argue that French hegemonic ideology, whether consciously or unconsciously, profoundly shaped the creative intentions, ideological content, and “discourses of power” embedded within these works.