THIẾT KẾ, CHẾ TẠO BỘ THÍ NGHIỆM KHẢO SÁT ĐỊNH LUẬT BOYLE VÀ ĐỊNH LUẬT CHARLES SỬ DỤNG TRONG DẠY HỌC CHỦ ĐỀ “PHƯƠNG TRÌNH TRẠNG THÁI” NHẰM PHÁT TRIỂN NĂNG LỰC THỰC NGHIỆM CỦA HỌC SINH LỚP 12

Abstract

Ideal gases are an important topic in the Grade 12 Physics curriculum, helping students understand the relationships among gas pressure, volume, temperature, and amount of substance. However, due to its abstract nature, this topic often poses difficulties for students despite its numerous practical applications. To support effective teaching, we designed and fabricated an experimental kit for investigating Boyle’s law and Charles’ law in accordance with the 2018 General Education Curriculum. The experimental kit integrates a microcontroller, a data transmission system, and modern components, including a digital pressure gauge and a pulse-transformer heating element, to provide intuitive demonstrations and improve measurement accuracy. The results show that the experimental kit provides high accuracy, with a relative error of less than 10%, while featuring a compact, multifunctional, and low-cost design. Therefore, the experimental kit not only helps students consolidate their knowledge and develop experimental competence but also provides favorable conditions for teachers to implement effective instruction in upper secondary schools.