HÀM LƯỢNG PHENOLIC TỔNG SỐ, HOẠT TÍNH ỨC CHẾ ALPHA-GLUCOSIDASE VÀ KHÁNG OXY HÓA CỦA CAO CHIẾT METHANOL TỪ CÂY Ficus simplicissima Lour.
Nội dung chính của bài viết
Tóm tắt
Các nguồn dược liệu tự nhiên, đặc biệt là cao chiết từ thực vật, ngày càng được nghiên cứu rộng rãi trong quản lý bệnh đái tháo đường nhằm giảm thiểu những tác dụng phụ của thuốc tổng hợp. Nghiên cứu này đánh giá tổng hàm lượng phenolic (TPC), hoạt tính ức chế α-glucosidase và kháng oxy hóa của các cao chiết methanol từ các bộ phận khác nhau của cây Ficus simplicissima Lour. thu tại Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh, Việt Nam. Kết quả cho thấy TPC dao động từ 16,53 ± 0,08 đến 71,90 ± 2,89 mg GAE/g cao chiết, trong đó lá có hàm lượng cao nhất. Các dịch chiết lá và quả thể hiện khả năng ức chế mạnh α-glucosidase với giá trị IC50 lần lượt là 24,48 ± 0,13 và 98,89 ± 1,33 µg/mL, mạnh gấp 8,4 lần và 2,1 lần tương ứng so với acarbose. Cao chiết lá cũng cho thấy hoạt tính kháng oxy hóa cao nhất trong các thử nghiệm DPPH (IC50 = 21,63 ± 2,28 µg/mL), ABTS (IC50 = 25,80 ± 1,69 µg/mL) và khử sắt (EC50 = 134,20 ± 4,61 µg/mL). So với vitamin C, cao chiết lá thể hiện hoạt tính đáng chú ý với mức chênh lệch chỉ khoảng 7-8 lần trong cả ba thử nghiệm nêu trên. Kết quả cho thấy lá cây Vú bò là một nguồn dược liệu đầy hứa hẹn trong ứng dụng điều trị đái tháo đường, cần tiếp tục khảo sát thêm bằng các thử nghiệm in vivo.
Từ khóa
F. simplicissima L., α-glucosidase, kháng oxy hóa, phenolic, cao chiết methanol
Chi tiết bài viết
Tài liệu tham khảo
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Floegel, A., Kim, D.-O., Chung, S.-J., Koo, S. I., & Chun, O. K. (2011). Comparison of ABTS/DPPH assays to measure antioxidant capacity in popular antioxidant-rich US foods. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 24(7), 1043–1048. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfca.2011.01.008.
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Nurviana, V., Tuslinah, L., & Susanti. (2020). Antioxidant activity of methanolic extract of Ficus elastica L. leaves. Advances in Health Sciences Research, 25, 53–56. https://doi.org/10.2991/ahsr.k.200523.015
Önder, D., Erdoğan, Ü., & Önder, S. (2023). Comparison of biochemical and antioxidant activities of ultrasonic-assisted extraction with different solvents in olive leaf. Biotech Studies, 32(1), 031–040.
Osiako, F., Samuel, B., & Oluyemi, W. (2023). Effects of selected Terminalia and Ficus species in the inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes. Tropical Journal of Natural Product Research, 7(8). https://doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v7i8.31
Oyaizu, M. (1986). Studies on products of browning reaction. Antioxidative activities of products of browning reaction prepared from glucosamine. The Japanese Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics. https://doi.org/10.5264/eiyogakuzashi.44.307
Padma, R., Parvathy, N. G., Renjith, V., & Rahate, K. P. (2013). Quantitative estimation of tannins, phenols and antioxidant activity of methanolic extract of Imperata cylindrica. International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4(1), 73–77.
Prior, R. L., Wu, X., & Schaich, K. (2005). Standardized methods for the determination of antioxidant capacity and phenolics in foods and dietary supplements. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 53(10), 4290–4302. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0502698
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. (n.d.). Ficus simplicissima Lour. Plants of the World Online. Retrieved March 20, 2026, from https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853709-1
Shrivastav, D., Dabla, P. K., Sharma, J., Viswas, A., & Mir, R. (2023). Insights on antioxidant therapeutic strategies in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A narrative review of randomized control trials. World Journal of Diabetes, 14(6), 919–929. https://doi.org/10.4239/wjd.v14.i6.919
Torres-Benítez, A., Ortega-Valencia, J. E., Jara-Pinuer, N., Sanchez, M., Vargas-Arana, G., Gómez-Serranillos, M. P., & Simirgiotis, M. J. (2023). Antioxidant and antidiabetic activity and phytoconstituents of lichen extracts with temperate and polar distribution. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2023.1251856
Türker, H. (2009). Sensitivity of bacteria isolated from fish to some medicinal plants. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 9, 181–186. https://doi.org/10.4194/trjfas.2009.0209
Vu, C. D. (2023). Exploring phenolic contents, antioxidant and in vitro anti-inflammatory activities of Ficus hispida L.f. Leaves. Thu Dau Mot University Journal of Science, 5(1). https://doi.org/10.37550/tdmu.EJS/2023.01.369
Wang, Y., Liu, X., Chen, S., Wang, Q., Jin, B., & Wang, L. (2024). Functions, accumulation, and biosynthesis of important secondary metabolites in the fig tree (Ficus carica). Frontiers in Plant Science, 15. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2024.1397874
Yadav, R. N. S., & Agarwala, M. (2011). Phytochemical analysis of some medicinal plants. Journal of Phytology, 3(12), 10–14.
Yin, Z., Zhang, W., Feng, F., Zhang, Y., & Kang, W. (2014). α-Glucosidase inhibitors isolated from medicinal plants. Food Science and Human Wellness, 3(3), 136–174. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fshw.2014.11.003
Bui Anh Tuyet. (2024). Alpha-glucosidase inhibitory and antioxidant activities of ethyl acetate extract from Graphis sp. mycobiont. Ho Chi Minh City University of Education Journal of Science, 21(3), 381. https://doi.org/10.54607/hcmue.js.21.3.4063(2024)
Chiba, S. (1997). Molecular mechanism in α-glucosidase and glucoamylase. Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry, 61(8), 1233–1239. https://doi.org/10.1271/bbb.61.1233
Dai, J., & Mumper, R. J. (2010). Plant phenolics: Extraction, analysis and their antioxidant and anticancer properties. Molecules, 15(10), 7313–7352. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules15107313
Derosa, G., & Maffioli, P. (2012). α-Glucosidase inhibitors and their use in clinical practice. Archives of Medical Science: AMS, 8(5), 899–906. https://doi.org/10.5114/aoms.2012.31621
Floegel, A., Kim, D.-O., Chung, S.-J., Koo, S. I., & Chun, O. K. (2011). Comparison of ABTS/DPPH assays to measure antioxidant capacity in popular antioxidant-rich US foods. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 24(7), 1043–1048. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfca.2011.01.008.
Idris, U., Nasir, A., Kankia, I., Yaradua, I., Muhammad, I., Abdullahi, A., Gambo, R., & Bala, H. (2025). In vitro Alpha- Amylase and Alpha- Glucosidase Inhibitory Effects of the Methanolic Leaf Extract of Ficus abutilifolia. Asian Journal of Research in Biochemistry, 15, 131–142. https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrb/2025/v15i4413
Lin, D., Xiao, M., Zhao, J., Li, Z., Xing, B., Li, X., Kong, M., Li, L., Zhang, Q., Liu, Y., Chen, H., Qin, W., Wu, H., & Chen, S. (2016). An overview of plant phenolic compounds and their importance in human nutrition and management of type 2 diabetes. Molecules, 21(10), 1374. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules21101374
Madhavi, D. L., & Salunkhe, D. K. (1995). Toxicological Aspects of Food Antioxidants. In Food Antioxidants. CRC Press.
Madrigal-Santillán, E., Portillo-Reyes, J., Morales-González, J. A., Sánchez-Gutiérrez, M., Izquierdo-Vega, J. A., Valadez-Vega, C., Álvarez-González, I., Chamorro-Cevallos, G., Morales-González, Á., Garcia-Melo, L. F., Batina, N., Paniagua-Pérez, R., & Madrigal-Bujaidar, E. (2024). A review of Ficus L. genus (Moraceae): A source of bioactive compounds for health and disease. Part 1. American Journal of Translational Research, 16(11), 6236–6273. https://doi.org/10.62347/MVBZ4789
Magliano, D., & Boyko, E. J. (with International Diabetes Federation). (2025). Diabetes atlas (11th edition). International Diabetes Federation.
Maritim, A. C., Sanders, R. A., & Watkins III, J. B. (2003). Diabetes, oxidative stress, and antioxidants: A review. Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology, 17(1), 24–38. https://doi.org/10.1002/jbt.10058
Nathan, D. M. (2007). Finding new treatments for diabetes - How many, how fast… How good? The New England Journal of Medicine, 356(5), 437–440. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMp068294
Nenadis, N., Wang, L.-F., Tsimidou, M., & Zhang, H.-Y. (2004). Estimation of scavenging activity of phenolic compounds using the ABTS•+ assay. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 52(15), 4669–4674. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0400056
Nguyen, N. V. T., Duong, N. T., Nguyen, K. N. H., Bui, N. T., Pham, T. L. T., Nguyen, K. T., Le, P. H., & Kim, K. H. (2022). Effect of extraction solvent on total phenol, flavonoid content, and antioxidant activity of Avicennia officinalis. Biointerface Research in Applied Chemistry, 12(2), 2678–2690. https://doi.org/10.33263/BRIAC122.26782690
Nurviana, V., Tuslinah, L., & Susanti. (2020). Antioxidant activity of methanolic extract of Ficus elastica L. leaves. Advances in Health Sciences Research, 25, 53–56. https://doi.org/10.2991/ahsr.k.200523.015
Önder, D., Erdoğan, Ü., & Önder, S. (2023). Comparison of biochemical and antioxidant activities of ultrasonic-assisted extraction with different solvents in olive leaf. Biotech Studies, 32(1), 031–040.
Osiako, F., Samuel, B., & Oluyemi, W. (2023). Effects of selected Terminalia and Ficus species in the inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes. Tropical Journal of Natural Product Research, 7(8). https://doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v7i8.31
Oyaizu, M. (1986). Studies on products of browning reaction. Antioxidative activities of products of browning reaction prepared from glucosamine. The Japanese Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics. https://doi.org/10.5264/eiyogakuzashi.44.307
Padma, R., Parvathy, N. G., Renjith, V., & Rahate, K. P. (2013). Quantitative estimation of tannins, phenols and antioxidant activity of methanolic extract of Imperata cylindrica. International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4(1), 73–77.
Prior, R. L., Wu, X., & Schaich, K. (2005). Standardized methods for the determination of antioxidant capacity and phenolics in foods and dietary supplements. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 53(10), 4290–4302. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0502698
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. (n.d.). Ficus simplicissima Lour. Plants of the World Online. Retrieved March 20, 2026, from https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853709-1
Shrivastav, D., Dabla, P. K., Sharma, J., Viswas, A., & Mir, R. (2023). Insights on antioxidant therapeutic strategies in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A narrative review of randomized control trials. World Journal of Diabetes, 14(6), 919–929. https://doi.org/10.4239/wjd.v14.i6.919
Torres-Benítez, A., Ortega-Valencia, J. E., Jara-Pinuer, N., Sanchez, M., Vargas-Arana, G., Gómez-Serranillos, M. P., & Simirgiotis, M. J. (2023). Antioxidant and antidiabetic activity and phytoconstituents of lichen extracts with temperate and polar distribution. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2023.1251856
Türker, H. (2009). Sensitivity of bacteria isolated from fish to some medicinal plants. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 9, 181–186. https://doi.org/10.4194/trjfas.2009.0209
Vu, C. D. (2023). Exploring phenolic contents, antioxidant and in vitro anti-inflammatory activities of Ficus hispida L.f. Leaves. Thu Dau Mot University Journal of Science, 5(1). https://doi.org/10.37550/tdmu.EJS/2023.01.369
Wang, Y., Liu, X., Chen, S., Wang, Q., Jin, B., & Wang, L. (2024). Functions, accumulation, and biosynthesis of important secondary metabolites in the fig tree (Ficus carica). Frontiers in Plant Science, 15. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2024.1397874
Yadav, R. N. S., & Agarwala, M. (2011). Phytochemical analysis of some medicinal plants. Journal of Phytology, 3(12), 10–14.
Yin, Z., Zhang, W., Feng, F., Zhang, Y., & Kang, W. (2014). α-Glucosidase inhibitors isolated from medicinal plants. Food Science and Human Wellness, 3(3), 136–174. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fshw.2014.11.003