THÀNH PHẦN HOÁ THỰC VẬT, ĐỘ ỔN ĐỊNH PHENOLIC VÀ HOẠT TÍNH ỨC CHẾ α-AMYLASE, α -GLUCOSIDASE CỦA NƯỚC SẮC HOA ĐU ĐỦ (Carica papaya L.)
Nội dung chính của bài viết
Tóm tắt
Nghiên cứu này được thực hiện nhằm đánh giá thành phần hoá thực vật, độ ổn định của các hợp chất phenolic trong quá trình bảo quản đông lạnh và hoạt tính ức chế enzyme tiêu hoá carbohydrate của nước sắc hoa đu đủ đực (Carica papaya L.) thu hái tại xã Xuân Sơn, Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh, Việt Nam. Kết quả sàng định tính cho thấy nước sắc chứa nhiều hợp chất chuyển hoá thứ cấp có hoạt tính sinh học, trong đó polyphenol, flavonoid và tannin là các nhóm hợp chất chiếm ưu thế. Trong quá trình bảo quản ở −20°C, hàm lượng các hợp chất phenolic giảm dần theo thời gian nhưng vẫn duy trì tương đối ổn định trong 7 ngày đầu. Sau 42 ngày bảo quản, flavonoid là nhóm hợp chất có độ ổn định cao nhất so với polyphenol và tannin. Nước sắc thể hiện hoạt tính ức chế phụ thuộc nồng độ đối với cả α-amylase và α-glucosidase, với giá trị IC₅₀ lần lượt là 22,22 mg/mL và 12,40 mg/mL. Hoạt tính ức chế α-glucosidase mạnh hơn cho thấy tiềm năng điều hoà quá trình tiêu hoá carbohydrate và kiểm soát đường huyết sau ăn. Mặc dù hiệu lực ức chế thấp hơn acarbose, kết quả nghiên cứu vẫn cung cấp bằng chứng khoa học ban đầu về tiềm năng ứng dụng của nước sắc hoa đu đủ đực như một nguồn nguyên liệu tự nhiên giàu hợp chất phenolic. Đồng thời, việc bảo quản nước sắc ở −20°C trong vòng 7 ngày được xem là phù hợp để duy trì thành phần phenolic gần với trạng thái ban đầu.
Chi tiết bài viết
Tài liệu tham khảo
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Agada, R., Usman, W. A., Shehu, S., & Thagariki, D. (2020). In vitro and in vivo inhibitory effects of Carica papaya seed on alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase enzymes. Heliyon, 6(3), e03618. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03618
Cao, H., Saroglu, O., Karadag, A., Diaconeasa, Z., Zoccatelli, G., Conte-Junior, C. A., Gonzalez-Aguilar, G. A., Ou, J., Bai, W., Zamarioli, C. M., de Freitas, L. A. P., Shpigelman, A., Campelo, P. H., Capanoglu, E., Hii, C. L., Jafari, S. M., Qi, Y., Liao, P., Wang, M., Zou, L., Bourke, P., Simal-Gandara, J., & Xiao, J. (2021). Available technologies on improving the stability of polyphenols in food processing. 2(2), 109-139. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/fft2.65
Chakrabarti, R., Singh, B., Vanchhawng, L., & Thirumurugan, K. (2014). Screening of nine herbal plants for in vitro a-amylase inhibition. Screening, 7(4), 84-89. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/265379851_Screening_of_nine_herbal_plants_for_in_vitro_a-amylase_inhibition
Choulitoudi, E., Xristou, M., Tsimogiannis, D., & Oreopoulou, V. (2021). The effect of temperature on the phenolic content and oxidative stability of o/w emulsions enriched with natural extracts from Satureja thymbra. Food Chem, 349, 129206. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129206
Dwivedi, M. K., Sonter, S., Mishra, S., Patel, D. K., & Singh, P. K. (2020). Antioxidant, antibacterial activity, and phytochemical characterization of Carica papaya flowers. Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 9, 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s43088-020-00048-w
Hồ, H. T. D. (2005). Evaluating the Bioactive Properties of Vietnamese Medicinal Plants via Innovative Experimental Procedures (Nghiên cứu hoạt tính sinh học của cây thuốc Việt Nam với các quy trình thử nghiệm mới).Tuyển tập các báo cáo NCCB trong Khoa học Tự nhiên Natural Sciences Program,
Kalita, D., Holm, D. G., LaBarbera, D. V., Petrash, J. M., & Jayanty, S. S. (2018). Inhibition of alpha-glucosidase, alpha-amylase, and aldose reductase by potato polyphenolic compounds. PLoS One, 13(1), e0191025. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0191025
Li, D., Jiang, C., Mei, G., Zhao, Y., Chen, L., Liu, J., Tang, Y., Gao, C., & Yao, P. (2020). Quercetin Alleviates Ferroptosis of Pancreatic beta Cells in Type 2 Diabetes. Nutrients, 12(10). https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12102954
Luthra, T., Agarwal, R., Estari, M., Adepally, U., & Sen, S. (2017). A novel library of-arylketones as potential inhibitors of α-glucosidase: Their design, synthesis, in vitro and in vivo studies. Scientific Reports, 7(1), 13246. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-13798-y
Magliano, D. J., & Boyko, E. J. (2021). IDF Diabetes Atlas, 10th edition. In IDF Diabetes Atlas (10th ed.). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35914061
Mahboubi, M., Kazempour, N., & Boland Nazar, A. R. (2013). Total phenolic, total flavonoids, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of scrophularia striata boiss extracts. Jundishapur J Nat Pharm Prod, 8(1), 15-19. https://doi.org/10.9734/aprj/2024/v12i5267
Maheshwaran, L., Nadarajah, L., Senadeera, S., Ranaweera, C., Chandana, A., & Pathirana, R. (2024). Phytochemical Testing Methodologies and Principles for Preliminary Screening/Qualitative Testing. Asian Plant Research Journal, 12(5), 11-38. https://doi.org/10.9734/aprj/2024/v12i5267
Makkar, H. P. (2003). Measurement of total phenolics and tannins using Folin-Ciocalteu method. In Quantification of tannins in tree and shrub foliage: A Laboratory Manual (pp. 49-51). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-0273-7_3
Marpaung, F., Andika, M., Lubis, Y., & Mutia, M. (2021). The Effectiveness Test Of Papaya (Carrica Papaya L.) Flower Extract On Blood Sugar Level Of The Sucrose-Induced Male Mice (Mus Musculus L.). Biospecies, 14(1), 24-31. https://doi.org/10.22437/biospecies.v14i1.11175
Martinez-Gonzalez, A. I., Diaz-Sanchez, A. G., Rosa, L. A., Vargas-Requena, C. L., Bustos-Jaimes, I., & Alvarez-Parrilla, A. E. (2017). Polyphenolic Compounds and Digestive Enzymes: In Vitro Non-Covalent Interactions. Molecules, 22(4). https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules22040669
Mrazkova, M., Sumczynski, D., & Orsavova, J. (2023). Influence of Storage Conditions on Stability of Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Activity Values in Nutraceutical Mixtures with Edible Flowers as New Dietary Supplements. Antioxidants (Basel), 12(4). https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox12040962
Naveen, J., & Baskaran, V. (2018). Antidiabetic plant-derived nutraceuticals: a critical review. European journal of nutrition, 57(4), 1275-1299. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-017-1552-6
Nga, V. T., Trang, N. T. H., Tuyet, N. T. A., Phung, N. K. P., Duong, N. T. T., & Thu, N. T. H. (2020). Ethanol extract of male Carica papaya flowers demonstrated non-toxic against MCF-7, HEP-G2, HELA, NCI-H460 cancer cell lines. Vietnam Journal of Chemistry, 58(1), 86-91. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/vjch.2019000142
Panche, A. N., Diwan, A. D., & Chandra, S. R. (2016a). Erratum: Flavonoids: an overview - CORRIGENDUM in Figure 1. J Nutr Sci, 14, e11. https://doi.org/10.1017/jns.2024.73
Panche, A. N., Diwan, A. D., & Chandra, S. R. (2016b). Flavonoids: an overview. Journal of Nutritional Science, 5, e47, Article e47. https://doi.org/10.1017/jns.2016.41
Roy, J. R., Janaki, C. S., Jayaraman, S., Periyasamy, V., Balaji, T., Vijayamalathi, M., & Veeraraghavan, V. P. (2022). Carica papaya Reduces Muscle Insulin Resistance via IR/GLUT4 Mediated Signaling Mechanisms in High Fat Diet and Streptozotocin-Induced Type-2 Diabetic Rats. Antioxidants, 11(10). https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox11102081
Sadeghi, M., Miroliaei, M., Ghanadian, M., & Taslimi, P. (2024). The inhibitory potential of natural compounds on α-amylase and α-glucosidase in the management of type 2 diabetes. Iranian Journal of Chemistry Chemical Engineering, 43(5), 1905-1918. https://www.ijcce.ac.ir/article_709887_051427245a3d30958b45f9e9a6022e77.pdf
Shahidi, F., & Ambigaipalan, P. (2015a). Phenolics and polyphenolics in foods, beverages and spices: Antioxidant activity and health effects–A review. Journal of functional foods, 18, 820-897. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2015.06.018
Shahidi, F., & Ambigaipalan, P. (2015b). Phenolics and polyphenolics in foods, beverages and spices: Antioxidant activity and health effects – A review. Journal of Functional Foods, 18, 820-897. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2015.06.018
Singleton, V. L., Orthofer, R., & Lamuela-Raventós, R. M. (1999). [14] Analysis of total phenols and other oxidation substrates and antioxidants by means of folin-ciocalteu reagent. In Methods Enzymol (Vol. 299, pp. 152-178). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0076-6879(99)99017-1
Sohretoglu, D., Sari, S., Barut, B., & Ozel, A. (2018). Discovery of potent alpha-glucosidase inhibitor flavonols: Insights into mechanism of action through inhibition kinetics and docking simulations. Bioorg Chem, 79, 257-264. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bioorg.2018.05.010
Srivastava, R., Jaiswal, N., Kharkwal, H., Dubey, N. K., & Srivastava, R. (2025). Phytomedical Properties of Carica papaya for Boosting Human Immunity Against Viral Infections. Viruses, 17(2). https://doi.org/10.3390/v17020271
Tadera, K., Minami, Y., Takamatsu, K., & Matsuoka, T. (2006). Inhibition of α-Glucosidase and α-Amylase by Flavonoids. Journal of nutritional science and vitaminology, 52(2), 149-153. https://doi.org/10.3177/jnsv.52.149
Ugbogu, E. A., Dike, E. D., Uche, M. E., Etumnu, L. R., Okoro, B. C., Ugbogu, O. C., Adurosakin, O. E., Chinma, C. E., Ohaeri, E., & Iweala, E. J. J. P. R.-M. C. M. (2023). Ethnomedicinal uses, nutritional composition, phytochemistry and potential health benefits of Carica papaya. Pharmacological Research-Modern Chinese Medicine, 7, 100266.
Agada, R., Usman, W. A., Shehu, S., & Thagariki, D. (2020). In vitro and in vivo inhibitory effects of Carica papaya seed on alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase enzymes. Heliyon, 6(3), e03618. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03618
Cao, H., Saroglu, O., Karadag, A., Diaconeasa, Z., Zoccatelli, G., Conte-Junior, C. A., Gonzalez-Aguilar, G. A., Ou, J., Bai, W., Zamarioli, C. M., de Freitas, L. A. P., Shpigelman, A., Campelo, P. H., Capanoglu, E., Hii, C. L., Jafari, S. M., Qi, Y., Liao, P., Wang, M., Zou, L., Bourke, P., Simal-Gandara, J., & Xiao, J. (2021). Available technologies on improving the stability of polyphenols in food processing. 2(2), 109-139. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/fft2.65
Chakrabarti, R., Singh, B., Vanchhawng, L., & Thirumurugan, K. (2014). Screening of nine herbal plants for in vitro a-amylase inhibition. Screening, 7(4), 84-89. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/265379851_Screening_of_nine_herbal_plants_for_in_vitro_a-amylase_inhibition
Choulitoudi, E., Xristou, M., Tsimogiannis, D., & Oreopoulou, V. (2021). The effect of temperature on the phenolic content and oxidative stability of o/w emulsions enriched with natural extracts from Satureja thymbra. Food Chem, 349, 129206. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129206
Dwivedi, M. K., Sonter, S., Mishra, S., Patel, D. K., & Singh, P. K. (2020). Antioxidant, antibacterial activity, and phytochemical characterization of Carica papaya flowers. Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 9, 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s43088-020-00048-w
Hồ, H. T. D. (2005). Evaluating the Bioactive Properties of Vietnamese Medicinal Plants via Innovative Experimental Procedures (Nghiên cứu hoạt tính sinh học của cây thuốc Việt Nam với các quy trình thử nghiệm mới).Tuyển tập các báo cáo NCCB trong Khoa học Tự nhiên Natural Sciences Program,
Kalita, D., Holm, D. G., LaBarbera, D. V., Petrash, J. M., & Jayanty, S. S. (2018). Inhibition of alpha-glucosidase, alpha-amylase, and aldose reductase by potato polyphenolic compounds. PLoS One, 13(1), e0191025. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0191025
Li, D., Jiang, C., Mei, G., Zhao, Y., Chen, L., Liu, J., Tang, Y., Gao, C., & Yao, P. (2020). Quercetin Alleviates Ferroptosis of Pancreatic beta Cells in Type 2 Diabetes. Nutrients, 12(10). https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12102954
Luthra, T., Agarwal, R., Estari, M., Adepally, U., & Sen, S. (2017). A novel library of-arylketones as potential inhibitors of α-glucosidase: Their design, synthesis, in vitro and in vivo studies. Scientific Reports, 7(1), 13246. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-13798-y
Magliano, D. J., & Boyko, E. J. (2021). IDF Diabetes Atlas, 10th edition. In IDF Diabetes Atlas (10th ed.). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35914061
Mahboubi, M., Kazempour, N., & Boland Nazar, A. R. (2013). Total phenolic, total flavonoids, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of scrophularia striata boiss extracts. Jundishapur J Nat Pharm Prod, 8(1), 15-19. https://doi.org/10.9734/aprj/2024/v12i5267
Maheshwaran, L., Nadarajah, L., Senadeera, S., Ranaweera, C., Chandana, A., & Pathirana, R. (2024). Phytochemical Testing Methodologies and Principles for Preliminary Screening/Qualitative Testing. Asian Plant Research Journal, 12(5), 11-38. https://doi.org/10.9734/aprj/2024/v12i5267
Makkar, H. P. (2003). Measurement of total phenolics and tannins using Folin-Ciocalteu method. In Quantification of tannins in tree and shrub foliage: A Laboratory Manual (pp. 49-51). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-0273-7_3
Marpaung, F., Andika, M., Lubis, Y., & Mutia, M. (2021). The Effectiveness Test Of Papaya (Carrica Papaya L.) Flower Extract On Blood Sugar Level Of The Sucrose-Induced Male Mice (Mus Musculus L.). Biospecies, 14(1), 24-31. https://doi.org/10.22437/biospecies.v14i1.11175
Martinez-Gonzalez, A. I., Diaz-Sanchez, A. G., Rosa, L. A., Vargas-Requena, C. L., Bustos-Jaimes, I., & Alvarez-Parrilla, A. E. (2017). Polyphenolic Compounds and Digestive Enzymes: In Vitro Non-Covalent Interactions. Molecules, 22(4). https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules22040669
Mrazkova, M., Sumczynski, D., & Orsavova, J. (2023). Influence of Storage Conditions on Stability of Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Activity Values in Nutraceutical Mixtures with Edible Flowers as New Dietary Supplements. Antioxidants (Basel), 12(4). https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox12040962
Naveen, J., & Baskaran, V. (2018). Antidiabetic plant-derived nutraceuticals: a critical review. European journal of nutrition, 57(4), 1275-1299. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-017-1552-6
Nga, V. T., Trang, N. T. H., Tuyet, N. T. A., Phung, N. K. P., Duong, N. T. T., & Thu, N. T. H. (2020). Ethanol extract of male Carica papaya flowers demonstrated non-toxic against MCF-7, HEP-G2, HELA, NCI-H460 cancer cell lines. Vietnam Journal of Chemistry, 58(1), 86-91. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/vjch.2019000142
Panche, A. N., Diwan, A. D., & Chandra, S. R. (2016a). Erratum: Flavonoids: an overview - CORRIGENDUM in Figure 1. J Nutr Sci, 14, e11. https://doi.org/10.1017/jns.2024.73
Panche, A. N., Diwan, A. D., & Chandra, S. R. (2016b). Flavonoids: an overview. Journal of Nutritional Science, 5, e47, Article e47. https://doi.org/10.1017/jns.2016.41
Roy, J. R., Janaki, C. S., Jayaraman, S., Periyasamy, V., Balaji, T., Vijayamalathi, M., & Veeraraghavan, V. P. (2022). Carica papaya Reduces Muscle Insulin Resistance via IR/GLUT4 Mediated Signaling Mechanisms in High Fat Diet and Streptozotocin-Induced Type-2 Diabetic Rats. Antioxidants, 11(10). https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox11102081
Sadeghi, M., Miroliaei, M., Ghanadian, M., & Taslimi, P. (2024). The inhibitory potential of natural compounds on α-amylase and α-glucosidase in the management of type 2 diabetes. Iranian Journal of Chemistry Chemical Engineering, 43(5), 1905-1918. https://www.ijcce.ac.ir/article_709887_051427245a3d30958b45f9e9a6022e77.pdf
Shahidi, F., & Ambigaipalan, P. (2015a). Phenolics and polyphenolics in foods, beverages and spices: Antioxidant activity and health effects–A review. Journal of functional foods, 18, 820-897. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2015.06.018
Shahidi, F., & Ambigaipalan, P. (2015b). Phenolics and polyphenolics in foods, beverages and spices: Antioxidant activity and health effects – A review. Journal of Functional Foods, 18, 820-897. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2015.06.018
Singleton, V. L., Orthofer, R., & Lamuela-Raventós, R. M. (1999). [14] Analysis of total phenols and other oxidation substrates and antioxidants by means of folin-ciocalteu reagent. In Methods Enzymol (Vol. 299, pp. 152-178). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0076-6879(99)99017-1
Sohretoglu, D., Sari, S., Barut, B., & Ozel, A. (2018). Discovery of potent alpha-glucosidase inhibitor flavonols: Insights into mechanism of action through inhibition kinetics and docking simulations. Bioorg Chem, 79, 257-264. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bioorg.2018.05.010
Srivastava, R., Jaiswal, N., Kharkwal, H., Dubey, N. K., & Srivastava, R. (2025). Phytomedical Properties of Carica papaya for Boosting Human Immunity Against Viral Infections. Viruses, 17(2). https://doi.org/10.3390/v17020271
Tadera, K., Minami, Y., Takamatsu, K., & Matsuoka, T. (2006). Inhibition of α-Glucosidase and α-Amylase by Flavonoids. Journal of nutritional science and vitaminology, 52(2), 149-153. https://doi.org/10.3177/jnsv.52.149
Ugbogu, E. A., Dike, E. D., Uche, M. E., Etumnu, L. R., Okoro, B. C., Ugbogu, O. C., Adurosakin, O. E., Chinma, C. E., Ohaeri, E., & Iweala, E. J. J. P. R.-M. C. M. (2023). Ethnomedicinal uses, nutritional composition, phytochemistry and potential health benefits of Carica papaya. Pharmacological Research-Modern Chinese Medicine, 7, 100266.